Win32调试API 第三部分：
在本章中，我们将继续探讨win32调试api。特别地，我们将学习如何去跟踪被调试程序.
下载 例子.
理论:
如果你以前使用过调试器，那么你应对跟踪比较熟悉。当"跟踪"一个程序时，程序在每执行一条指令后将会停止，这使你有机会去检查寄存器/内存中的值。这种单步运行的官方定义为跟踪(tracing)。
单步运行的特色是由CPU本身提供的。标志寄存器的第8位称为陷阱标志trap flag。如果该位设置，则CPU运行于单步模式。CPU将在每条指令后产生一个debug异常。当debug 异常产生后，陷阱标志自动清除。利用win32调试api，我们也可以单步运行被调试程序。方法如下:
调用GetThreadContext, 指定 ContextFlags为CONTEXT_CONTROL， 来获得标志寄存器的值
设置CONTEXT结构成员标志寄存器regFlag中的陷阱标志位
调用 SetThreadContext
等待调式事件。被调试程序将按单步模式执行，在每执行一条指令后，我们将得到调试 事件，u.Exception.pExceptionRecord.ExceptionCode值为EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP
如果要跟踪下一条指令，需要再次设置陷阱标志位。
例:
.386
.model flat,stdcall
option casemap:none
include \masm32\include\windows.inc
include \masm32\include\kernel32.inc
include \masm32\include\comdlg32.inc
include \masm32\include\user32.inc
includelib \masm32\lib\kernel32.lib
includelib \masm32\lib\comdlg32.lib
includelib \masm32\lib\user32.lib
.data
AppName db "Win32 Debug Example no.4",0
ofn OPENFILENAME <>
FilterString db "Executable Files",0,"*.exe",0
db "All Files",0,"*.*",0,0
ExitProc db "The debuggee exits",0Dh,0Ah
db "Total Instructions executed : %lu",0
TotalInstruction dd 0
.data?
buffer db 512 dup(?)
startinfo STARTUPINFO <>
pi PROCESS_INFORMATION <>
DBEvent DEBUG_EVENT <>
context CONTEXT <>
.code
start:
mov ofn.lStructSize,SIZEOF ofn
mov ofn.lpstrFilter, OFFSET FilterString
mov ofn.lpstrFile, OFFSET buffer
mov ofn.nMaxFile,512
mov ofn.Flags, OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST or OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST or OFN_LONGNAMES or OFN_EXPLORER or OFN_HIDEREADONLY
invoke GetOpenFileName, ADDR ofn
.if eax==TRUE
invoke GetStartupInfo,addr startinfo
invoke CreateProcess, addr buffer, NULL, NULL, NULL, FALSE, DEBUG_PROCESS+ DEBUG_ONLY_THIS_PROCESS, NULL, NULL, addr startinfo, addr pi
.while TRUE
invoke WaitForDebugEvent, addr DBEvent, INFINITE
.if DBEvent.dwDebugEventCode==EXIT_PROCESS_DEBUG_EVENT
invoke wsprintf, addr buffer, addr ExitProc, TotalInstruction
invoke MessageBox, 0, addr buffer, addr AppName, MB_OK+MB_ICONINFORMATION
.break
.elseif DBEvent.dwDebugEventCode==EXCEPTION_DEBUG_EVENT .if DBEvent.u.Exception.pExceptionRecord.ExceptionCode==EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT
mov context.ContextFlags, CONTEXT_CONTROL
invoke GetThreadContext, pi.hThread, addr context
or context.regFlag,100h
invoke SetThreadContext,pi.hThread, addr context
invoke ContinueDebugEvent, DBEvent.dwProcessId, DBEvent.dwThreadId, DBG_CONTINUE
.continue
.elseif DBEvent.u.Exception.pExceptionRecord.ExceptionCode==EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP
inc TotalInstruction
invoke GetThreadContext,pi.hThread,addr context or context.regFlag,100h
invoke SetThreadContext,pi.hThread, addr context
invoke ContinueDebugEvent, DBEvent.dwProcessId, DBEvent.dwThreadId,DBG_CONTINUE
.continue
.endif
.endif
invoke ContinueDebugEvent, DBEvent.dwProcessId, DBEvent.dwThreadId, DBG_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED
.endw
.endif
invoke CloseHandle,pi.hProcess
invoke CloseHandle,pi.hThread
invoke ExitProcess, 0
end start